The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is spreading worldwide, with a spectacular increase in death missing any effective therapeutic treatment up to now. Molecular docking is a recognized computational tool to assist in early drug discovery and development. Molecular docking analysis was carried out using 2-(4-(aminomethyl)phenyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione Schiff base conjugates with SARS-CoV-2 protease enzyme and COVID-19 main protease in apo form 6M03). The compounds with the best normalized docking scores to protease enzyme (6LU7) were ARG3 (-8.1 kcal/mole), ARG7 (-8.1 kcal/mole) and ARG6 (-8.0 kcal/mole). The best docking ligands for main protease in apo form (6M03) were ARG7 (-8.7 kcal/mole), ARG6 (-8.6 kcal/mole) and ARG3 (-8.4 kcal/mole). The structural similarity between these conjugates inspired us to perform in silico studies to check their possible binding interactions with essential SARS-CoV-2 proteins. These studies provide insight into the potential binding between Schiff base derivatives and SARS-CoV-2 proteins to provide an insight for finding an effective therapy. Finally, ADMET calculations were performed for the Schiff base compounds to predict their pharmacokinetic profiles.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

La socialisation en Afrique de l’Ouest se fait par des canaux normatifs dont le mariage. Ce lien sacré, scellé par les Hommes et béni par Dieu, est une nécessité humaine et reste un goulot social pour plusieurs femmes. Sur cette entité géographique patriarcale, la condition féminine relève très souvent d’’un chemin de croix’ pour un épanouissement multiforme. Issoufi DICKO et Safiatou BA se saisissent de cette facette de la thématique du genre pour questionner les vies et les règles traditionnelles en contexte de modernité. Les deux jeunes écrivains maliens portent, entre condition féminine et inversion sexuelle, un regard sans complaisance sur leur société en profonde mutation. Trame nourricière de leurs ouvrages respectifs, ces thèmes leur permettent de mettre en scène des personnages hauts en couleur et en courage. Contrariées en partie par leurs quotidiens et la vie, le système patriarcal et l’embrigadement socioreligieux, leurs héroïnes s’indignent et se révoltent contre les sorts qui leur sont imposés. Défiant les règles de la vie en couple et celles socio-culturelles, elles s’érigent en rempart des dérives sociales perpétrées contre les femmes. Parallèlement à la condition féminine et les conflictualités de la vie en couple, le lesbianisme balbutiant au Mali est convoqué. Issoufi DICKO et Safiatou BA décrivent méticuleusement les arcanes de son enracinement progressif. Cette contribution aborde, avec la méthode qualitative, la condition féminine et l’homosexualité au Mali, entre fiction et réalité sociale. L’objectif de cette contribution est d’analyser la condition féminine et l’homosexualité à travers les deux romans.

Assanvo

The increasing usage of composite materials has immersed simpler techniques for inspecting the integrity of composite structures, as composite materials typically have probability of getting material imperfections. In non-destructive testing, shearography reveals defects in associate object by distinguishing defect-induced deformation anomalies. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods skit and streamer role in physical characterization of new composite materials and in assessment of their quality and serviceability in structures. Non-destructive testing (NDT), Non-destructive inspection (NDI), and Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) are concerned with the techniques and measurements that provide data on the condition of the materials and structures at the time of manufacturing and in-service.

Boopathy govindarajan

Ketorolac tromethamine, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was formulated into mucoadhesive films to overcome the limitations in the currently available dosage and routes of administration which in sequence will increase patients’ compliance. Films were cast from organic and aqueous solvents using various bioadhesive polymers namely: HPMC E-15, Eudragit RLPO, Eudragit RSPO, Carbopol 934P. The prepared films were subjected to investigation for their physical and mechanical properties, swelling behaviors, in vitro bioadhesion, drug permeation via bovine buccal mucosa, and in vitro drug release. These properties were found to vary significantly depending on the preparation methods, the type of the polymers, and the ratio of addition of both plasticizers (i.e. polyethylene glycol and film forming agent. Formulation F4 is selected for best formulation because it shows the 98.85% drug release at time 6 hr. In addition, this film was subjected to in vitro and in vivo release. The obtained results indicate that the concentration of ketorolac in the oral cavity was maintained above 4.0 µg/ml for a period of at least 6 h. This film shows promising results for using the ketorolac mucoadhesive route of administration topically and systemically, and thus it will be subjected to clinical evaluation in future work.

Kuldeep vinchurkar

How great would it be if you never forgot anything or never lost the ability to think and be creative? And just imagine how much more great it would be if your brain can be reconstructed so that it can stay young forever and be used to create wonders even after your death? It would be a great leap in the field of science if the brains of great minds like Steve Jobs or Albert Einstein can be recreated. That is exactly what the blue brain does. The blue brain project is an attempt to reconstruct the brain piece by piece and building a virtual brain in a supercomputer. It began in 2005 with an agreement between the EPFL and IBM, which supplied the Blue Gene/L supercomputer acquired by EPFL to build the virtual brain. The computing power needed is considerable. Each simulated neuron requires the equivalent of a laptop computer. A model of the whole brain would have billions. Supercomputing technology is rapidly approaching a level where simulating the whole brain becomes a concrete possibility. The main aim is to update the brain into a computer. As a first step, the project succeeded in simulating a rat cortical column. Efforts are now being made to simulate the human brain. In five years of work, Henry Mark ram’s team has perfected a facility that can create realistic models of one of the brains essential building blocks. This process is entirely data driven and essentially automatically executed on the supercomputer. This modeling will expand to all the areas of the brain and if successful, shed light on the relationships between genetic, molecular and cognitive functions of the brain. These models will be basic building blocks for larger scale models leading towards a complete virtual brain.

Dr h shaheen

Ethnopharmacology is an information exchange and understanding about people's use of plants, fungi, animals, microorganisms and minerals to discover a a wealth of helpful therapeutic agents and explore their toxic potential passed On by oral tradition or in written documented form Materia medica. This study area provides a scientific backbone for developing active therapeutics based on the traditional medicine of various ethnic groups. It is the interdisciplinary scientific exploration of biologically active agents traditionally employed or observed by man. The broad spectrum Of this domain covers social (anthropology), chemical (chemistry), biological (botany, biochemistry, microbiology) and pharmaceutical sciences (pharmacognosy, pharmacology and clinical therapeutics). Many valuable drugs of today (e.g., atropine, ephedrine, tubocurarine, digoxin and reserpine) have been used by studying indigenous remedies. Chemists continue to use plant-derived drugs (e.g., morphine, taxol, physostigmine. quinidine and emetine) as prototypes in their attempts to develop more effective and less toxic medicines. Currently, USP and BP contain many active ingredients/excipients from natural sources. Its objectives include the preservation of indigenous medical knowledge to understand the pharmacological basis Of herbal medicine; scientific study of indigenous drugs to contribute in the long run to promote or improve primary health care in regions of study; search for pharmacologically unique principles from existing indigenous remedies; finding a valid reason to guard the rainforests or to engage in conservation; establish gene banks and libraries of plant extracts for future biological evaluation: well-established germplasm banks for essential crops. Ethnopharmacology can be an innovative and powerful discovery engine for newer, safer, and more affordable medicines from the treasure house (traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples) of ancient wisdom.

Dr. salman ahmed

Vitamin E is extensively available in the natural world and is produced by prototrophs such as plants, algae, and blue-green algae. Vitamin E is used as a dietary supplement, an antioxidant food stabilizer, a pharmaceutical additive, and a preservative in livestock feed. Several types of vitamin E can be differentiated by the position and number of the methyl functional group, and each form has a unique biological role. The function of antioxidants such as vitamin E is to defend cells from the effects of oxidative stress. Vitamin E is a free radical scavenger converted to vitamin E radical, then converted back to vitamin E by ascorbic acid. Vitamin E was discovered by Evans and Bishop in 1922; it has proved to be an effective nutrient for reproduction. It is also possible for vitamin E to act by a mechanism not directly linked to the inhibition of oxidation. Such non-antioxidant actions of vitamin E may result from gene regulation and specific cell signalling. The function of vitamin E in cellular signalling, especially its biological impact, is undoubtedly an imperative subject for future studies. The explicit roles of the several isomers and esters of vitamin E analogues should also be the subjects of future studies.

Dr. salman ahmed

Urolithiasis is a common worldwide problem with high recurrence. This review covers forty four (44) families starting from alphabet A to L and includes Bignoniaceae (05); Araceae, Burseraceae, Combretaceae (04); Annonaceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Gentianaceae, Gesneriaceae (03); Aizoaceae, Adiantaceae, Alismataceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Bombacaceae, Cannabaceae, Cyperaceae, Geraniaceae and Iridaceae (02); Acoraceae, Adoxaceae, Armatellaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araliaceae, Averrhoeaceae, Basellaceae, Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Calophyllaceae, Campanulaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caricaceae, Celastraceae, Clusiaceae, Dracaenaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Grossulariaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Hypoxidaceae, llecebraceae and Juglandaceae (01) plant used globally in different countries. The plants of three families Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae are revisited to provide updated information. This review will not only be useful for the general public but also attract the scientific world for antiurolithiatic drug discovery.

Dr. salman ahmed

Avian influenza has impacted negatively on poultry production in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the status of avian influenza virus (AIV) antibodies in wild birds to provide early warning of an outbreak. One hundred and forty-six sera from five different species of wild birds were tested for antibodies to avian influenza A viruses (H5 and H9) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests. An overall seroprevalence of 3.4% (5/146) was recorded in the study area. Seroprevalence of 6.67% (2/30) was recorded in speckled pigeons (Columba guinea) and Village weavers (Ploceus cucullatus) respectively and 3.33% (1/30) in Cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis). No antibodies were detected in laughing doves (Spilolepia senegalensis) and African silver bill (Euodice cantans). The serological detection of AIV subtypes H5 and H9 by HI showed the exposure of these birds to the two subtypes. The result from this study indicates evidence of the presence of H5 and H9 AI viruses in wild birds in Zaria, Kaduna State. Therefore, comprehensive surveillance of influenza A involving wild birds’ population and H5 as well as H9 subtype is recommended. This is necessary in order to know the actual status of these strains in the poultry population in Nigeria in view of their zoonotic and economic importance.

Bitrus inuwa

Chest wall schwannoma is a rare intercostal nerve tumor originating from Schwann cells. Here, we present a case of a 44-year old woman who presented with symptoms of cough, fever, and left-sided chest pain. A plain chest radiograph was unremarkable and was further evaluated with a contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CECT) scan, which showed a well-defined, encapsulated soft-tissue mass in the left anterior first intercostal space. The diagnosis of schwannoma was based on histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of tissue biopsies taken from the lesion. The patient was referred to a higher oncology center for further treatment where he received symptomatic treatment for the pain and cough after which he improved. The patient was discharged and followed up in the clinic. Six months later, the patient underwent another chest CECT, which revealed no growth in size from the first one. Therefore, it was decided to keep the patient in regular follow-up since the lesion remained stable in size.

Karishma

Self-concept and adjustments are important determinants of personality development of an individual and a conducive school environment can contribute building positive self-concept and making adjustment. This study attempted to investigate the level of self-concept and adjustment of visually impaired students attending special and inclusive school settings. Descriptive survey method was adopted to carry out this study and 165 visually impaired students studying in special and inclusive school settings located in Delhi and NCR participated as respondents for the study. The data gathering instruments used for this study include ‘Information Schedule’ designed by the researcher, Self-Concept Questionnaire (SCQ) by Sarswat and Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS) by Sinha and Singh. Data were analysed by applying statistical techniques namely– Percentage analysis, Mean, S.D. and t-test. Findings of the study indicated that visually impaired students in inclusive setting possess higher positive self-concept and demonstrate better adjustment than their counterpart in special school setting. Educational implications for different stakeholders are discussed.

Rubul kalita

Working memory (WM) is a critical component of many neurocognitive functions. The literature has demonstrated consistently that WM impairment is more frequent and severe among substance-dependent individuals (SDIs) infected with HIV compared with uninfected SDIs; however, the SDIs who participated in these previous studies were primarily male. There are few published data on WM performance among HIV+ women with or without substance use disorders, and essentially no direct comparisons of WM performance between HIV+ men and women, regardless of substance use. We investigated potential sex and serostatus effects on WM among a sample of 360 SDIs (114 with HIV; 66% female) verified abstinent from alcohol and drugs of abuse at testing and generally comparable on substance use and comorbid characteristics. Participants were tested with the n-back task, a well-established WM measure that is sensitive to HIV-associated cognitive impairment. HIV+ men and women performed spatial and verbal versions of the n-back significantly less accurately compared with HIV− participants. Women showed slower response times compared with men on both versions, regardless of HIV serostatus. Individuals dependent on cocaine showed faster RTs compared with non-dependent users, but this effect was not apparent among opioid- or alcohol-dependent groups. Findings on n-back accuracy are consistent with our previous proposal that WM impairment represents a signature deficit among HIV+ SDIs; however, WM impairment appears less common among HIV+ women without a substance use history. The pattern of sex differences in response speed but serostatus effects on response accuracy is comparable to a recent report by our group of sex differences in learning speed but serostatus effects on delayed recall.

Ben spielberg

This study investigated the management of teachers’ soft skills development and flexible learning environment as a correlate of teachers’ effectiveness in Unity schools in South- Eastern states of Nigeria. The correlational research design was adopted for the study. Two research questions were answered while two hypotheses were tested. The population of the study comprised all the 901 teachers of the 14 Unity schools in the 5 South-Eastern states of Nigeria. Stratified and disproportionate sampling techniques were used to select 399 sample size that was determined from the population using the Taro Yamane formula. Two sets of instruments titled; “Management of Seamless Technology Integration Questionnaire” and “Teachers’ Effectiveness Questionnaire” were used for data collection. Face and content validity was ensured by five experts including the researcher’s supervisors. The reliability coefficients of the two instruments were calculated to be 0.79 and 0.81 using Cronbach Alpha method. Multiple and simple regressions were used to answer the research questions. Analysis of variance associated with multiple regression and t-test associated with simple regression was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. It was found that management of teachers’ soft skills development and flexible learning environment positively correlate (0.92 and 0.86 respectively) to teachers’ effectiveness in Unity schools in the South-Eastern states of Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the management of seamless technology integration is positively and highly significant to teachers’ effectiveness in Unity schools in the South-Eastern states of Nigeria. It was therefore recommended among others that school administrators in the 14 Unity schools in the South-Eastern states should immediately embark on self-development in the management of seamless technology integration

Fxintegrity publishing

Attempts have been made to formulate controlled release drug dosage forms using chitosan as a release controlling polymer. Granules of combination of chitosan, hydroxylpropyl cellulose, lactose, starch and Ibuprofen were prepared by wet granulation method using 1.0% lactic acid solution. The granules were physico-chemically characterized in terms of density, porosity, angle of repose, carr’s index and housner ratio and was found to be free flowing with good compressibility. FTIR spectroscopy was used and confirmed that there is no interaction between the drug and the added polymers. In vitro release of Ibuprofen, in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, showed a steady and slow increase in the percentage of drug released over 24 hours as the percentage of chitosan was increased in the formulations compared to that from commercial tablets which released over 80.0% of their content in only two hours. The kinetic analysis using different mathematical models of the data revealed that the release kinetics of the drug form these formulations is somewhere between diffusion controlled, Fickian (anomalous) and non-Fickian which refers to a combination of diffusion and erosion controlled release. Thus, the high correlation coefficient of the data of drug release from most granules when zero order kinetics was applied revealed that there is a constant drug release with time for 24 hours.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Recently, novel materials like gas-sensing metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and modified mixed metal oxides have attracted great attention owing to their key roles in monitoring environmental pollution, security in hospitals, homes, and public places, and hazardous emissions from industries and automobile exhaust. Initially, the mechanochemical (MCh) method was employed for the synthesis of the CuMnO3 catalyst and then the modification of CuMnO3 through the hydrothermal route. These synthesized catalysts were characterized by Ultraviolet Violet-Diffused Reflectance (UV-DRS) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The average particle size obtained for 3 % Fe/CuMnO3 was found to be 14–28 nm. The present work proclaimed that among all the synthesized 1,3,5 % Fe/CuMnO3 materials, the 3 % Fe modified CuMnO3 material shows significant gas sensing properties towards highly toxic H2S gas released from sewage plants, oil, and natural gas industries, among NH3, CO2, H2S, H2, CO2 and Cl2 with moderate temperature requirements and excellent selectivity.

Shilpa sangle

Adolescents’ scholastic and social life has become increasingly reliant on the internet and mobile technology in recent years. Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a growing problem in Indian adolescents. However, in many cases, this use has become obsessive, causing them to neglect other elements of their lives. Adolescents account for over 35% of internet users in India. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychosomatic problems related to internet overuse among school going adolescent students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 348 students in selected schools of Aspur block in Dungarpur-district, Rajasthan, India in the month of February 2016. Problematic internet use (PIU) was assessed by Young’s twenty question internet addiction test. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-42) and self structured questionnaire check list was used to measure psychosomatic problems among adolescents. Approximately 5.17% adolescents showed Problematic internet use (PIU). Adolescents with PIU were associated with age between 14-16 year, males,10th class of study, using internet since more than 3 years, being at home, mobile as a source of internet use, purpose of internet use with online gaming. Compared with normal internet users, there were significant correlation between Problematic Internet Use and Somatic Complaints r=0.3660, p<0.05, Depression r=0.3982, p<0.05. Anxiety r=0.2512, p<0.05 and Stress r=0.2886, p<0.05. Problematic internet use (PIU) is an increasing problem among teenagers and it has been linked to psychosomatic issues. Timely Effective measures are needed to prevent the spread of this problem

Dr k c yadav

Parkinson’s disease, first described by James Parkinson in 1817, is a neurodegenerative ailment resulting from the damage of nerve cells in the brain. It is a chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder with an estimated prevalence of 31 to 328 per 100,000 people worldwide. It is estimated that more than 1 percent of the population over age 65 are afflicted with Parkinson’s disease; incidence and prevalence increase with age. There are numerous unanswered questions regarding the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease. Worsening mobility, causing problems with activities of daily living, pain and communication problems due to rigidity of facial muscles, are the main reasons of their decreasing quality of life. This study is focused on the role of psychological variables, which could be associated with quality of life in PD patients. After their identification a discussion about opportunities of improvement patient’s quality of life can be opened. Current drug therapies for human PD with Levodopa or various dopamine receptor agonists offer symptomatic relief and appear to have little effect on the neurodegenerative process. More than 50% of patients with PD treated over 5 years with Levodopa will develop complications such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesia’s. In this scenario, slowing the progression of PD through neuroprotective or restorative therapy is a major focus of research. From a pharmacologic standpoint, current strategies involve interrupting the cascade of biochemical events that leads to death of dopaminergic cells. The significance of many indigenous medicinal plants and their phytoconstitutents in the management of Parkinsonism with minimal side effect profile arise in this context

Zeenath banu

The study examined public-private sectors’ collaboration in human resource management and curriculum development in the administration of public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised 281 principals in the 281 public secondary schools in Rivers State. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to draw up sample of 259 principals representing 92.2% of the population of the study (211 male principals and 70 female principals). An instrument titled: Public-Private Sectors’ Collaboration for School Administration Questionnaire (PPSCSAQ) designed in the modified 4-point Likert Scale with a reliability index of 0.87 was used for data collection. The face and content validities were ensured. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research question while z-test was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the study showed that to a high extent public-private sectors collaborate in human resource management and curriculum development in the administration of public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. It was recommended among others that the government should provide enabling environment and formulate favourable policies to sustain public-private sectors’ collaboration as it ensures effective human resource management in the state.

Fxintegrity publishing

Introduction: Apophyseal avulsion fractures of the pelvis predominantly occur in adolescent athletes due to skeletal immaturity. The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) is a rare but characteristic site of injury. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 15-year-old male football player who sustained a traumatic avulsion of the right AIIS. The diagnosis was confirmed radiologically, and the patient was managed conservatively. Results: The clinical course was favorable, with a return to sports at three months. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and conservative management typically allow full recovery in most cases.

Mohamed mokhtar jmal

The current study used the chick emesis model to explore the anti-emetic effect of the methanolic extract of Acalypha ornata Hochst—roots. Emesis was induced by the oral administration of copper sulfate to male chicks. Acalypha ornata root extract (150 mg/kg orally) showed an anti-emetic effect and was compared with the reference drug chlorpromazine

Dr. salman ahmed