Congenital constriction band syndrome (CBS) is a rare condition characterized by either partial or complete circular constrictions around limbs or digits. Possible consequences include acrosyndactyly of the digits, terminal amputations, and localized swelling with digital edema distal to the constrictions. Occasionally, a constriction band may lead to injury of a peripheral nerve. We report a case of CBS in a newborn presenting with radial nerve palsy caused by a constriction band at the level of the arm. Surgical release of the congenital constriction band was performed at 1 month of age, including neurolysis of the radial nerve. As a result, the nerve was decompressed, and hand function was restored. Given the rarity of radial nerve palsy as a complication of congenital constriction bands, this case enriches the limited literature by emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention to optimize functional outcomes. It also highlights the need for increased clinical vigilance and provides practical insights into managing isolated radial nerve palsies.

Karishma

Objective: To determine the association between oral health literacy, oral hygiene and gingival health status. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Index used in this study for estimating oral health literacy levels was Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry- 30 (REALD-30). The participant’s oral hygiene status was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index while gingival health was assessed using the Gingival Index. Results: Two hundred and eight participants with 130 (62.5%) males and 78 (37.5%) females formed the population of the study and their mean age was 28.32 ± 10.5 years. The prevalence of low oral health literacy was 86 (41.3%). The oral hygiene status of most of the participants 100 (48.1) was fair. The prevalence of gingivitis was 58.2%. Oral health literacy had significant statistical negative correlation with age, oral hygiene and gingival health status. Oral health literacy consistently emerged as a predictor of oral hygiene and gingival health status. Conclusion: Majority of the participants with low oral health literacy had fair/poor oral hygiene status (p = 0.000, OR= 17.870, 95% CI = 7.320-43.627) and gingivitis (p = 0.000, OR= 7.054, 95% CI = 3.514-14.164).

Hope inegbenosun

The current study was conducted to explore the antiemetic activity of two marine algae, Iyengaria stellata Børgesen (Phaeophycota) and Valoniopsis pachynema Børgesen (Chlorophycota), by chick emesis model. Emesis was induced by copper sulphate (50 mg/kg), and the extracts were tested orally at 150 mg/kg. Chlorpromazine (150 mg/kg orally) was used as a standard antiemetic drug. The results showed that methanol extracts of both seaweeds have antiemetic activity.

Dr. salman ahmed

Impurity is something that is impure or makes something else impure. An impure substance may be defined as follows: a substance of interest mixed or impregnated with an extraneous or usually inferior substance, from the standpoint of its usage, the drug substance is compromised in terms of purity even if it contains another material with superior pharmacological or toxicological properties. The impurity may be developed either during formulation, or upon aging of both API’s and formulated API’s in medicines. The presence of these unwanted chemicals, even in small amount, may influence the efficacy and safety of the pharmaceutical products. The impurities are not necessarily always inferior. Highly sophisticated instrumentation, such as mass spectra meters attached to a Gas Chromatography or HPLC, are inevitable tools in the identification of minor components (drugs, impurities, degradation products, metabolites) in various matrices. Present article reveals different impurities found in the API’s, methods for identifying them and the possible measures to deal with the interferences caused by them in pharmaceutical analysis.

Prasanna pradhan

This case report presents a rare instance of solitary endobronchial plasmacytoma in a 58-year-old male, who had progressively worsening shortness of breath and a productive cough. The patient, who had a smoking history, was found to have a large, hypervascular mass completely obstructing the right main bronchus, confirmed as a plasma cell tumor via endoscopic biopsy. Further diagnostic imaging, including positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and chest CT, revealed a mass measuring 1.7 cm with abnormal fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake. The bone marrow biopsy ruled out multiple myeloma. The patient underwent challenging endoscopic debulking of the tumor, although margins were not well defined due to its size. Post-operatively, the patient showed significant symptomatic improvement and was discharged home on post-operative day 4. Two months after the procedure, follow-up with a chest CT scan and bronchoscopy showed no evidence of residual tumor or local recurrence, and the patient reported significant respiratory improvement. The literature review revealed that extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is uncommon and often occurs in the upper aerodigestive tract. The diagnostic workup generally involves histopathological analysis, bronchoscopy, and imaging studies. Treatment is tailored to the patient’s condition and the characteristics of the tumor. This case underscores the need for a high index of suspicion and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation of patients presenting with obstructive bronchial mass. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of considering endobronchial plasmacytoma in the differential diagnosis of obstructive bronchial masses and the value of early intervention in achieving favorable outcomes. Regular follow-up is crucial to monitor recurrence and ensure ongoing patient well-being.

Mohamad banat

This research was conducted to form students to be more disciplined in maintaining time, especially in prayer, as well as to strengthen aqidah and increase the worship of students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah. The focus of this research is: 1) How to plan the prayer chapter of fiqh learning through audio-visual media for students of Class IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Ajung, 2) How to implement the prayer chapter of fiqh learning through audio-visual methods for students of Class IV Madrasa Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi 'iyah Ajung, 3) How is the evaluation of fiqh learning in the prayer chapter for fourth grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Ajung. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive qualitative research. Determination of research subjects in this study was carried out purposively. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data, the researcher used the data analysis model of the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana models including: Data Condensation (Condensation), Data Presentation (Display), Conclusions Drawing. The validity of the data in this study used source triangulation and technical triangulation. The results showed that: 1) The use of audiovisual media was very relevant in learning fiqh in the prayer chapter 2) Active, innovative, creative, effective and fun learning made students enthusiastic and enthusiastic in learning and not boring. 3) the completeness of learning facilities and infrastructure is very influential in the evaluation stage including summative evaluation and formative evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation and output evaluation. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membentuk peserta didik lebih disiplin dalam menjaga waktu khususnya dalam shalat, serta memantapkan aqidah dan meningkatkan ibadah peserta didik Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah. Fokus penelitianini adalah: 1) Bagaimana Perencanaan Pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat melalui media audio visual bagi peserta didik Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung, 2) Bagaimana Pelaksanaan pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat melalui metode audio visual bagi peserta didik Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung, 3) Bagaimana evaluasi pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat bagi peserta didik kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Ajung. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan subyek penelitian dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data, peneliti menggunakan model analisis data model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana meliputi: Kondensasi Data (Condensation), Penyajian Data (Display), Penarikan Kesimpulan (Conclusions Drawing). Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa: 1) Penggunaan media audiovisual sangat relevan dalam pembelajaran fiqih bab sholat 2) Pembelajaran aktif, inovatif, kreatif, efektif, dan menyenangkan membuat peserta didik semangat dan antusias dalam belajar serta tidak membosankan. 3) kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran sangat berpengaruh pada tahap evaluasi meliputi evaluasi Sumatif dan evaluasi Formatif evaluasi input, evaluasi proses dan evaluasi output.

Educare: journal of primary education

Background: The significance of healthcare wastes (HCWs) consists in their hazardous component, which constitutes real danger to public health. In Nigeria, healthcare waste management (HCWM) has remained a problem yet to be properly recognized and so addressed. The study aimed to sensitise health workers and the public on the need for proper management of HCWs, considering the public health implications of not doing so. Methods: The waste management systems of ten healthcare facilities (HCFs) were assessed, using a modification of the WHO rapid assessment tool. In each HCF, segregated wastes were collected daily for ten days and quantified by weighing, using a spring balance. Results: Administratively, the HCWM system was poor in the ten HCFs (40.6%). 70% of them had satisfactory waste segregation, 81%, good waste treatment, and 26.7% adequate transportation methods for waste. None of the HCFs had budget allocation for HCWM, and 90% had inadequate storage facilities. Mean waste generation was 1.81 kg/day, 0.23 kg/patient/day, 0.16 kg/bed/day, and proportion of infectious wastes 16.8%. Correlation between the number of patients and proportion of infectious waste, was positive, strong and significant (r=0.80, p=0.01), and between bed occupancy rate and proportion of infectious waste, was positive too, but weak, and insignificant (r=0.34, p=0.34). Conclusions: In view of the identified weaknesses of the ten HCFs in HCWM, budget allocations for HCWM, improving waste storage facilities and transportation, with strengthening of waste segregation, collection, and treatment, would help to ensure adequate HCWM in the HCFs.

Emmanuel umegbolu

This research work aimed to evaluate the effects of thermal processing treatments on the nutrient anti-nutrient composition of Afzelia africana (Akparata) flour. The seeds were sorted, cleaned and processed into boiled, roasted and autoclaved lima bean flours. The flours obtained were analysed for proximate, vitamin and anti-nutrient contents using standard methods. The proximate composition of the samples revealed that the flours had a range of moisture, 8.23-12.40%, crude protein, 15.98-25.95%, fat, 21.00-28.21%, ash, 1.34-2.89%, crude fibre, 2.00-3.45%, carbohydrate, 38.68-49.33%, and energy 424.13 – 482.37kJ/100g, respectively. The vitamin contents of the flours showed that the samples contained 0.02±0.00 - 0.08±0.00mg/100g riboflavin, 0.78 - 1.98 mg/100g niacin, 0.40 - 0.89 mg/100g thiamine, 120.40-234.70mg/100g vitamin A, 72.11-134.19mg/100g ascorbic acid, 09.67-17.65mg/100g vitamin E, 310.60-430.60mg/100g B6, 3.47-5.87mg/100g B12, respectively. The result of the anti-nutrient composition of the flours also showed that the phytate, tannin, oxalate, cyanogenic glycosides, protease inhibitors, haemagglutinins inhibitors, levels of the samples were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by roasting and boiling treatments compared to the sample processed by autoclaving. In addition, the saponin content of the flours was relatively higher in boiled sample than in roasted and autoclaved flours. However, the nutrient and anti-nutrient contents of the flours observed that the flours have the potentials to be used as nutritional supplements in the preparation of a variety of food products than the raw sample.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

PFAPA syndrome (periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis) is the most common periodic fever disorder in childhood, typically resolving by early adolescence. Relapse after a prolonged symptom-free interval is rare and has been reported following tonsillectomyrelated remission. We describe a 13-year-old girl with intact tonsils who experienced recurrence of PFAPA a decade after initial remission. She presented with a 6-day history of high-grade fever, aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis unresponsive to antibiotics. Investigations showed elevated inflammatory markers, a negative infectious workup, and significant cervical lymphadenopathy on ultrasound. A single dose of prednisolone led to the rapid resolution of symptoms followed by sustained remission on follow-up. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of late PFAPA relapse and underscores the importance of clinical recognition, exclusion of mimicking conditions, and corticosteroid responsiveness in guiding management.

Karishma

Chest wall schwannoma is a rare intercostal nerve tumor originating from Schwann cells. Here, we present a case of a 44-year old woman who presented with symptoms of cough, fever, and left-sided chest pain. A plain chest radiograph was unremarkable and was further evaluated with a contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CECT) scan, which showed a well-defined, encapsulated soft-tissue mass in the left anterior first intercostal space. The diagnosis of schwannoma was based on histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of tissue biopsies taken from the lesion. The patient was referred to a higher oncology center for further treatment where he received symptomatic treatment for the pain and cough after which he improved. The patient was discharged and followed up in the clinic. Six months later, the patient underwent another chest CECT, which revealed no growth in size from the first one. Therefore, it was decided to keep the patient in regular follow-up since the lesion remained stable in size.

Karishma

Tidal and riverine flows are viable energy sources for consistent energy production. Installing and operating marine hydrokinetic (MHK) turbines requires assessing any potential impact of debris accumulation on turbine performance and sediment transport. More specifically, MHK devices may alter the natural sediment transport processes and cause debris accumulation, disrupting the natural sediment dynamic. In turn, these processes could affect the turbine’s performance. We carried out a series of large-eddy simulations coupled with bed morphodynamics, introducing various debris loads lodged on the upstream face of a utility-scale turbine tower. The objective is to systematically investigate the impact of debris accumulation on the performance and hydro-and morpho-dynamics interactions of the horizontal-axis MHK turbine under rigid and mobile bed conditions. To that end, we (1) employed the actuator line and surface methods for modeling turbine blades and the nacelle, respectively,(2) directly resolved individual logs, and (3) solved the Exner equation to obtain the instantaneous bed deformation of the mobile bed. Our analysis revealed that while the spinning rotor amplifies scour around the pile, debris accumulation modifies the sediment dynamics of the system. Also, it found that morphodynamic processes accelerate the wake recovery, slightly enhancing the turbine's performance.

Hossein seyedzadeh

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading reason of death among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Individuals with DM have a two to five time's greater risk of developing CVD than non-DM. Unfortunately, little data exists on Libya's prevalence and characteristics of cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors and to assess their control among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). All the patients with T2DM who attended the outpatient clinic at National Diabetes Hospital from September 2013 to April 2022 were interviewed and examined and included in this study. Demographical data age, smoking habit, body mass index measure, drug intake, history of previous cardiovascular events, blood pressure and fasting lipid profile were all recorded. 1049 patients have completed the study with a mean age of 54.06 ± 14.5 years old (females represented 68.0% of the studied sample size), there were different duration of diabetes between the studied sample, varying from newly diagnosed patients (n = 265, 25.2%) and above ten years of diabetes duration patients (n = 488, 46.5%). Active smoking in 129 patients (12.3%), the bodyweight of studied patients ranged from 44.0 Kg to 186 Kg (85.65 ± 1.73), 820 of the patients had uncontrolled body weight (78.85%). Uncontrolled blood pressure, even with treatment, was found in 304 patients (29.0%), uncontrolled dyslipidaemia in 45 patients (04.3%), and uncontrolled hyperglycaemia in 816 patients (77.9%). Established CVD was positive in 295 patients (28.2%), maximum age group was in 54 - 74 years (n = 516, 49.3%). The most typical age group with multiple (more than three) CVD risk factors was 54 - 74 years of age, were female patients with more than ten years of history of diabetes, uncontrolled hyperglycemia (HBA1c > 10%), uncontrolled body weight, uncontrolled blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Thus, the present data indicated that Libyan patients with diabetes mellitus have high CVD risk factors. Even in patients with previous events, these uncontrolled risk factors elevate the likelihood of repeated cardiovascular events. Patients with diabetes mellitus necessitate a more aggressive approach to control the modified risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and smoking.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Cloud computing is used to achieve sustainability in terms of computing. It reduces energy and resource consumption. Most of the companies have been moving their applications to the cloud to reduce power, energy re-source, and carbon emission. Today's computing landscape is rapidly shifting toward creating applications to leverage Cloud platforms to have necessary features such as elasticity, virtualization, low cost, and pay-per-use. Cloud computing's rising demand and versatility are achieving acceptance in the research community as a means of implementing large-scale electronic systems in the format of workflows (set of tasks). One of the most important objectives of this effort is to trim down makespan which is the total period taken by the resources to complete all workflow activities. Another foremost objective of this work is to satiate all the user-delineated time constraints while scheduling workflow activities.

Mohd haroon

The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is an organization set up by the Nigerian government to involve the country’s graduate yearly in the development of the country. The one year service period has three weeks orientation period when the corps members are trained in paramilitary training. During this period, the corps members use the manual approach to supply their personal information. The manual method of information system used by the corps members is very tedious, time-consuming, prone to errors, and information modification and retrieval are practically impossible. To solve these problems, an online NYSC orientation camp information system is proposed. The proposed system is analyzed, designed and developed using Entity-Relationship Model (ERM) with an entity-relationship diagram as a defector. The architecture model is implemented using PHP and MySQL programming languages. The results showed that the researchers have developed an interactive online NYSC orientation camp information that can handle updates and modification of data more efficiently and can be accessed anywhere and anytime than the manual methods of information system. The researchers hereby recommended the developed software to the National Youth Services Corps headquarters for efficient database analysis of the corps members’ information system

Ogala justin onyarin

Learning styles describe how individuals acquire, interpret, and assimilate knowledge differently. The effective use of learning styles is essential for effective classroom education. The three most popular learning styles are kinaesthetic, auditory, and visual. This study pursued to learn more about the preferred learning modes of college students. There were 152 respondents from Baneshwor Multiple Campus, Kathmandu Nepal. The data were collected from first year students of BBS, B.Ed. and BA. The researchers used a scale of learning styles (VAK) with 28 items to accomplish the study's goal, and after confirming its validity and reliability, it was applied to the sample. The results show that there are no statistically significant differences in the types of learning patterns preferred by students. Based on these findings, the study recommends that teachers are encouraged to diversify college teaching strategies and methods to suit the preferred learning styles of their students, particularly new students, in order to motivate them to learn in the college environment and to provide the training needs and requirements necessary to enable them to take individual differences among their students into account when identifying educational goals.

Dr dasarath neupane

Communication is not always direct; it often involves nuanced elements like humor, irony, and sarcasm. This study introduces a novel two-level approach for sarcasm detection, leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are crucial for many deep learning applications, yet their deployment on IoT devices is challenged by resource constraints and the need for low latency, particularly in on-device training. Traditional methods of deploying large CNN models on these devices often lead to suboptimal performance and increased energy consumption. To address this, our paper proposes an energy-efficient CNN design by optimising batch normalisation operations. Batch normalisation is vital for deep learning, aiding in faster convergence and stabilising gradient flow, but there has been limited research on creating energy-efficient and lightweight CNNs with optimised batch normalisation. This study proposes a 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) optimisation technique for batch normalization. This technique introduces an energy-efficient CNN architecture. We investigate the use of batch normalization optimization to streamline memory usage and computational complexity, aiming to uphold or improve model performance on CPU-based systems. Additionally, we evaluate its effectiveness across diverse datasets, focusing on energy efficiency and adaptability in different settings. Furthermore, we analyze how batch normalization influences the performance and effectiveness of activation functions and pooling layers in neural network designs. Our results highlight batch normalization's ability to enhance computational efficiency, particularly on devices with limited resources.

Jiby mariya jose

Because of globalisation's intense change and competition pressure, businesses are driving from the company's dimension of individual management to collaborative cooperation approaches aided by the anticipated business strategy. A business strategy is a decision or action of a business or organisation to attract customers and achieve the organisation's objective. These strategies are the master plan for securing a competitive position of the firm market area of the competitors. Through business strategies, organisations will carry their business operations and fulfill the customers' desires and demands. Multination organisations and firms establishing subsidiaries and business entities in international markets or foreign countries must adopt different strategies during the integration process. The macro-economic and intercultural factors are the epicenter for change and must be considered in complex ventures. In the modern competitive market, multinational firms must collaborate and communicate with the partners, suppliers and customers through a complicated and temporary product supply chain. Business strategies involve complex processes requiring information on the diverse sources that need simultaneous changes by the managers of entrepreneurs. I this report, I choose Tesla Inc or Tesla Motors to explore the key strategies they have anticipated to inherit the global motor vehicle sector within the past few decades. The organisation was founded in 2003 by a group of various engineers. Tesla Motors deal in the automotive industry and has transformed its services to the global society.

Zamzam abdelazim

Green computing is focusing on reducing the energy consumption, resource usage, carbon dioxide emission. It was found that Last year, Google used about 12.4 terawatt-hours of electricity. Energy consumption in data centers is reduced by decreasing the resource utilization that is by switching off or shifting the computing nodes to sleep mode. But when the servers are being used the energy consumption is minimized by using energy efficient scheduling and optimization techniques.In WNS the sensor nodes are deployed in remote areas, these sensors are powered by battery that decreases the lifetime, therefore by using energy efficient techniques can increase the uptime of the battery-operated devices in WNS. This work studied various energy efficient techniques that minimize energy consumption usage in Data Centers (DC) and the algorithms that increase the uptime of the battery-operated device in (WNS) Wireless Network Sensors.

Dr h shaheen

Background: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) remains a critical public health concern in Nigeria, with significant implications for maternal and fetal health. Despite national policy guidelines advocating the use of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy using Sulphadoxine- Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP), its uptake remains suboptimal in many rural communities. This study aimed to assess the factors influencing IPTp-SP utilization among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics (ANCs) in rural areas of Abia State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted, involving 422 pregnant women selected through a multistage sampling technique across three predominantly rural Local Government Areas (LGAs): Ugwunagbo, Isiala Ngwa South, and Ukwa East. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation analyses were employed to examine associations between socio-demographic variables, accessibility, beliefs, health system factors, and IPTp uptake. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The majority of respondents were married (82.0%), aged between 25 and 34 years (46.9%), and had attained at least secondary education (71.1%). Key barriers to IPTp uptake included drug unavailability (30.6%), long waiting times (28.9%), fear of side effects (19.4%), and cultural beliefs (23.0%). Notably, only 24.6% reported consistent IPTp-SP availability during ANC visits, and 46.4% had to purchase the drugs outside the clinic. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between IPTp uptake and distance to clinic (r = -0.412, p = 0.001), health education (r = 0.562, p < 0.001), drug availability (r = 0.489, p = 0.002), and cultural beliefs (r = -0.297, p = 0.012). Chi-square analysis confirmed significant relationships between IPTp uptake and education level (χ² = 19.438, p = 0.001), awareness (χ² = 24.511, p < 0.001), and satisfaction with ANC services (χ² = 14.257, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The study highlights multifaceted determinants affecting IPTp-SP uptake among pregnant women in rural Abia State. These include socio-demographic factors, health system challenges, cultural beliefs, and availability of services. Interventions aimed at increasing awareness, ensuring consistent drug availability, and improving ANC service delivery are critical to enhancing IPTp coverage in rural Nigeria.

Karishma

This study investigates the access and equity challenges faced by tribal students in higher education institutions in Telangana, India. Despite various governmental initiatives aimed at improving educational outcomes for tribal communities, significant disparities persist. This research employs a comparative analysis across selected universities in Telangana, focusing on enrolment rates, retention, academic performance, and support services tailored for tribal students. Data is gathered through a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with students, faculty, and administrators to gain a comprehensive understanding of the barriers and facilitators affecting tribal education. The findings reveal systemic inequities related to socio-economic status, cultural relevance of curricula, and the availability of financial and academic support. Moreover, the study highlights successful practices and policies implemented by certain institutions that promote inclusive education and enhance access for tribal students. The results underscore the need for targeted interventions to create a more equitable higher education landscape in Telangana, ultimately contributing to the empowerment of tribal communities and their representation in the academic sphere.

Dr gedam kamalakar