The study was conducted by researcher on Coping strategies adopted among adolescents in selected Schools, Distt. Mohali, Punjab. The main aim of this study was to assess on Coping strategies adopted among adolescents, to find out the association between coping strategies adopted among adolescents with their selected socio demographic variables.Descriptive Research design has been used to assess the Coping strategies among 400 adolescents studying in Golden Bell’s school,Sector-77 and Shemrock School, sector 69, in Distt Mohali,Punjab. The sample was selected by Systematic random sampling technique. Pilot study was conducted on 10% of population and sample consists of 40 adolescents. Data on Coping Strategies adopted among adolescents were collected under two sections, Section A- Socio demographic variables and Section B- Coping Strategies Scale of Prof. A.K. Srivastava to assess coping strategies adopted among adolescents. Data was analyzed through Descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The results showed that majority of adolescents were adopting moderate Coping Strategies.There was significant association between Coping Strategies adopted by adolescents with their selected demographic variable such as Class of study, Occupational Status of Mother and Monthly Family Income.Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were drawn on nursing service, nursing education, nursing administration and nursing research.

Anu sharma

Migratory behaviour in Littorina scabra (Linne 1758) was studied in a mangrove ecosystem and observations were made in their natural habitat or in situ observation in Tanjung Tiram, Ambon. Migratory speed and pattern of L. scabra of different sizes (small and large) particularly in mangrove Sonneratia alba were observed throughout of the February 19th to March 11th, 2019 during the day and night on incoming or outgoing tides and these are usually a 3 hours (270 minutes) observation. Marked snails were used to track the position to investigate their migratory direction and speed during advancing and receding tides. Those organisms migrate up and down the trees following the tidal cycles. This study indicates that small size organisms which live on leaves, branches or trunks move faster than the big organisms and they move faster during the incoming tide than outgoing tide. For a big size L. scabra, they move slower during the incoming tide than the outgoing tide. This behaviour indicates that they move faster to avoid immersion during incoming tide than during the outgoing tide when they move slower because they are searching for food. The migration trials showed different patterns for all sizes of L. scabra and this pattern seems to be influenced by the area of surface they occupy such as leaves, branches or trunks. They tend to move forward in one direction (almost straight line) when they are on a small surface such as trunks and on the larger surface such as leaves and braches most L. scabra of all sizes make different trial patterns such zig-zag.

Irma kesaulya

Host plant resistance is an important tool for minimizing the losses in pigeonpea due to spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata, which is the most threatening hidden pest of pigeonpea crop. Experiment was carried out to study the morphological and chemical traits in pigeonpea associated with expression of resistance to M. vitrata and their incidence in different sowing dates. The incidence of M. vitrata varied significantly among different sowing dates. Crop sown on D2 (1st week of July) resulted in maximum pod infestation by M. vitrata (13.1%). Minimum pod infestation (2.3%) and (2.9%) was recorded in D4 (3rd week of July) and D1 (3rd week of June) sown crop, respectively. Among different varieties, AL-201 registered lowest pod infestation (4.3%) as compared to Pusa-992 (7.9%). The non-glandular (type A), and glandular (type B) pod trichome density of top, middle and lower canopy of the plant and the pod wall thickness was responsible for the resistance to M. vitrata. Whereas, non-glandular (type C) pod trichomes, pod length, seed width and number of seeds per pod were associated with the susceptibility to spotted pod borer. Expression of resistance to M. vitrata pod infestation was associated with low amounts of crude protein and total soluble sugar and higher amount of fat content, phenol content and tannin content of seed as well as pod wall

Dr. babu lal jat

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare and new but increasingly recognized immune-mediated fibroinflammatory condition known to affect multiple organs. The diagnostic approach is challenging, as there is no single investigation to confirm the diagnosis, which requires the integration of clinical, biochemical, and radiographic manifestations with classic histopathologic features to establish the diagnosis. The histology of IgG4-RD is determined by a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, storiform fibrosis, and obliterative phlebitis in the presence of an increased level of IgG4 in most patients. The first line of treatment is systemic glucocorticoids, but adverse effects of the drug, suboptimal response, and disease recurrences on reduction or termination of therapy highlight the need for an alternative therapy such as rituximab, which appears to be a promising alternate agent in the treatment of IgG4-RD; however, its efficacy needs to be evaluated in large clinically controlled trials.

Karishma

Nine fruit morphological traits were studied in ten stands of Jatropha curcas spread in eight forest divisions of Uttarakhand. Variation was examined at stand level as well as at tree level. Significant differences were found among stands for fruit length, fruit diameter, pericarp weight per fruit, seed: fruit weight ratio, kernel: fruit weight ratio and pericarp: fruit weight ratio traits while all morphological traits showed significant differences among trees within stands. The estimation of the variance components, however, revealed that the fruit traits, especially weight traits viz. fruit weight, total seed weight per fruit and total kernel weight per fruit have negligible contribution from stands and small contribution from trees. Maximum variation was found among fruits within trees (i.e. at fruit level or error). Pericarp weight per fruit and fruit ratio traits (i.e. seed: fruit weight ratio, kernel: fruit weight ratio and pericarp: fruit weight ratio) were affected to small extent by stand per se. The repeatability of all fruit traits at tree level were also low to moderate (0.105 to 0.278)

Kshitij malhotra

Emesis is defined as a forceful expulsion of stomach contents via the mouth. The adverse effects of available anti-emetic drugs potentiate us to evaluate natural products to explore effective natural anti-emetics with fewer side effects. The fruits of Illicium verum Hook. f. were selected for anti-emetic activity based on their folkloric use against gastrointestinal complaints. Crude methanolic extract and its aqueous, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and hexane fractions were evaluated using the copper sulphate-induced chick emesis model. Emesis was induced by the oral administration of copper sulfate 10 ml/kg body weight and metoclopramide (150 mg/kg p.o.) as a standard anti-emetic drug. The anti-emetic effect was observed by calculating the mean decrease in the number of retches compared to that of the control. Methanolic extract and its fractions were tested at 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg oral doses. Among all tested fractions, ethyl acetate showed the highest (94.46%), and hexane showed the lowest (56.30%) anti-emetic activity at 50 mg/kg. Further, isolation and purification from the same fractions are in process to discover effective natural anti-emetic compound(s) with less unwanted effects.

Dr. salman ahmed

The anti-emetic activity of the leaves methanolic extracts of Cassia angustifolia Vahl., Cassia holosericea Fresen., Cassia italica Miller. Lam. ex F.W. Ander and Cassia purpurea Roxb., was evaluated in young chicks. Emesis was induced by copper sulfate (50 mg/kg), and the extracts were tested orally at a dose of 150 mg/kg. All the extracts significantly decreased the number of retching (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) compared with standard chlorpromazine.

Dr. salman ahmed

NA

Priyanka

Medicinal plants are the gift of nature and play an important role as a part of our diet to maintain health. They also serve as a versatile weapon to combat several diseases. Every civilization has its own experience and knowledge of the therapeutic uses of plants. The belief and observations regarding traditionally used medicinal plants increase people's interest in using them against urolithiasis. Urolithiasis is a common problem that has been afflicted for centuries and has a high recurrence. Of the world's population, about 12% suffer from urolithiasis. All over the world, in different countries and cultures, people use plants to prevent and cure kidney stones according to their ethnopharmacological information. These formulations are very effective. That's why they have been used for hundreds of years. This review covers the eighty (80) medicinal plants of the most cited family Asteraceae against urolithiasis and their historical antiurolithiatc background shared in well-known books of Dioscorides, Pliny the Elder, Al Razi and Ibn Sina. This information was extracted to compose antiurolithiatic plants with their parts and formulations used in 21 countries such as Algeria, America, Australia, China, India, Iran, Italy, Jordan, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Mexico, Morocco, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippine, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey and Uzbekistan. Scientifically proven pharmacological activities of the same part of the plant have direct (litholytic) and direct pharmacological effects like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, astringent, demulcent, diuretic, litholytic, lithotriptic, antiurolithiatic, antispasmodic, ACE inhibition and Phospholipase A2 inhibition also shared as a plausible mechanism of action. The route of administration is oral in all cases. Hopefully, this book will be useful for the general public and attract the scientific world for antiurolithiatic drug discovery. This valuable ethnopharmacological information will provide opportunities for the future research and development of new natural antiurolithiatic compounds.

Dr. salman ahmed

Objective: Improving quality work by infusing a “sense of belongingness” in lowest-level workers. The present work focuses on the management of human resources in an enterprise where contract workers are involved in carrying out quality work related to the parent organisation. In today’s world, where the number of supervisors has reduced significantly, it is a challenge to maintain the quality of work at a satisfactory level. The paper proposes to enhance the quality of work by infusing a “sense of belongingness” into lowest-level workers. Methodologies adopted: Case studies. The first case study was conducted between 2007-2011 during a project related to Rural Electrification Work in the Bokaro district under the scheme RGGVY. The author was deputed to supervise the rural electrification work of 300 villages with thousands of kilometres of 11kv and 415V distribution lines, along with over 400 distribution transformers in four blocks of the Bokaro district in Jharkhand. Contractors engaged local workers for erection of all infrastructure. The author explained the process of erection to local communities and brought about a sense of belongingness in them towards the infrastructure being developed. The second case review was conducted between 2013-16 at Chandrapura, Bokaro, during the operation and maintenance work of the 220KV switchyard. Six workers were involved in the maintenance work of the switchyard. They rectified faults during emergencies and took care of housekeeping. However, they only followed orders and never worked proactively. The author divided the workplace into eighteen parts, each maintaining three parts. During monthly walk-in inspections, one worker was awarded as the best contractor’s employee of the month of that section, which introduced a sense of competition among them. Analysis: During the first case study, after pointing out the benefits of the infrastructure being developed and how the quality of work will help in its sustainability for an extended period, villagers realised its importance in their well-being. As a result, they kept vigil over the contractor’s work during the erection process. In second case study, the repetitive external motivation (awards and appreciation) infused a “sense of belongingness” in them. Thus, all employees started functioning proactively. As a result, the occurrence of electrical faults was reduced drastically, and housekeeping improved. Findings: These two case studies lead the author to coin the term “sense of belongingness”, which can lead to improve the quality of work by the lowest-level workers in a company. There are five ways to develop a “Sense of Belongingness” (SOB) among workers- external motivation, which can lead to internal motivation; mutual respect; a sense of duty (every person has their own responsibility); brainstorming sessions (to make them feel as an integral part of the department); encouraging them to do more than expected. Conclusion: All these steps help to develop a “sense of belongingness” among the lowest-level workers in an organisation. Without these principles, it will be a challenge to achieve quality work. The paper addresses all the processes in detail to improve the work culture in a department and, ultimately, an organisation.

Rajiv ranjan sinha

Urolithiasis is a common worldwide problem with high recurrence. This review covers thirty-six (36) families starting from alphabet M to R. It includes Rubiaceae (17); Phyllanthaceae and Rutaceae (09); Polygonaceae (08); Pinaceae and Piperaceae (06); Menispermaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Oxalidaceae, Plantaginaceae and Ranunculaceae (05); Moraceae and Musaceae (04); Meliaceae, Orchidaceae and Rhamnaceae (03); Moringaceae, Onagraceae, Papaveraceae, Pedaliaceae, and Polygalaceae (02); Magnoliaceae, Malpighiaceae, Molluginaceae, Myoporaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Paeoniaceae, Parmeliaceae, Parnassiaceae, Periplocaceae, Platanaceae, Polypodiaceae, Portulacaceae, Primulaceae and Punicaceae (01) plant used globally in different countries. Hopefully, this review will be helpful for the general public and attract the scientific world for antiurolithiatic drug discovery.

Dr. salman ahmed

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus contributes to the development or progression of many chronic and age-related pathological processes. One of the major risk factors for morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes is renal and vascular disease as well as heart disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly increased age of kidney disease with higher urea and creatinine levels. 76 Libyan subjects participated in the study. The subjects were divided into three categories. One group hosts diabetes case (n=40) while the other group serves as a control (n=12) and the other group has no type 2 diabetes mellitus but urea and creatinine levels are elevated (n=36). After oral informed consent of the study participants, 5 ml of venous blood was drawn under sterile conditions for whole blood analysis. Fasting blood sugar was analyzed. Urea and creatinine levels were compared between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. However, a statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26 where the correlation between parameters was analyzed by an independent samples t-test. In this study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus caused a significant increase in urea and creatinine compared to the control group. The study indicated that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the damage to the kidney function.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Livestock plays a significant role in the economy of a nation but its productivity can be hampered by numerous haemoparasites thereby leading to economic losses to the livestock industry. The prevalence of haemoparasite in cattle slaughtered at the Jalingo abattoir was investigated. A total of four hundred blood samples were collected at the point of slaughter, processed, and screened for haemoparasites by examining Giemsa-stained thin blood smears. An overall prevalence of 12.25% was recorded. Four haemoparasites of cattle with prevalence rates of 5.0%, 6.75%, 0.25%, and 0.25% for Anaplasma, Babesia, Microfilaria and Trypanosoma respectively were observed. The prevalence of haemoparasite in relation to sex, revealed higher infection in females (13.75%) than in males (10.0%) which were not found statistically different (P > 0.05). All breeds encountered during the study were infected with haemoparasites with the highest prevalence of 13.91 % recorded in White Fulani, Red Bororo (10.94%), and Sokoto Gudali (10.00 %), while Adamawa Gudali had the least prevalence of 0.5%. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of haemoparasite in relation to breeds (P > 0.05). High prevalence was observed in the young (14.29%) more than the adult (11.59%) and older (12.14%). The current study has revealed the haemoparasites status in cattle slaughtered at Jalingo abattoir. Therefore, there is a need for effective preventive and control policy of these haemoparasites to enhance livestock productivity

Bitrus inuwa

The Group of Twenty (G20) has emerged as a pivotal forum for international cooperation, bringing together leaders from the world's major economies to address pressing global challenges. In this paper, we analyse the priorities of G20 leadership in fostering consensus and advancing collective action on key issues facing the global community. Drawing upon recent declarations, communiqués, and policy statements, we identify and examine the core areas of focus for G20 members, exploring both common ground and divergent perspectives. Our analysis reveals several recurring themes that underscore the G20's commitment to promoting economic stability, sustainable development, and inclusive growth. Addressing climate change and environmental sustainability emerges as a top priority, reflecting growing recognition of the urgent need for concerted action to mitigate the impacts of climate change and transition to a low-carbon economy. Additionally, enhancing global health resilience and strengthening pandemic preparedness feature prominently on the agenda, as demonstrated by recent efforts to coordinate responses to the COVID-19 crisis and bolster health systems worldwide. Furthermore, the G20 remains committed to advancing trade and investment liberalization, promoting financial regulatory reform, and fostering innovation and digital transformation to drive economic recovery and prosperity. However, divergent views on issues such as trade imbalances, protectionism, and technology governance persist, posing challenges to consensus building and cooperation among member states.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Recent reports showed an association between bariatric surgery and the development of acute pancreatitis. This report presents a case of acute pancreatitis following a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in a 24-year-old Indian female patient, who presented to the Emergency Department at Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, with severe epigastric pain and persistent vomiting 13 days after LSG. She was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis based on a high level of lipase greater than three times the upper limit of normal, and a computed tomography scan of the abdomen, which was consistent with acute pancreatitis. The patient was treated conservatively with a significant improvement in her symptoms and laboratory tests throughout her admission and consequently was discharged.

Karishma

Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) and Polysora rust diseases are taking heavy shiver in all maize growing regions of Karnataka. Several new fungicides are used to control the diseases, among them strobilurin group fungicides in combination with triazolefungicides are found effective in management of diseases. A mixture of Trifloxystrobin 50 WG + Tebuconazole 250 EC and mixture of Azoxystrobin 25 SC + Difenoconazole 25 EC were used in this study to manage the TLB and Polysora rust. The two combination fungicides were evaluated in different days against TLB and Polysora rust on two susceptible varieties namely 219J and CM 202. Results revealed that mixture of Trifloxystrobin 50 WG + Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.7 g/lit and mixture of Azoxystrobin 25 SC + Difenoconazole 25 EC @ 2.5 ml/litwere found effective in the management of TLB (15.0 % and 11.0 % respectively) and mixture of Trifloxystrobin 50 WG + Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.7 g/lit were found effective in controlling Polysora rust (13.2 %). Allied to yield, more significant increase in yield was recorded in treatment Trifloxystrobin 50 WG + Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.7 g/lit (5131.1kgs/ha). While, mixtures of Azoxystrobin 25 SC + Difenoconazole 25 EC @ 2.5 ml/lit recorded yield of 5913.0 kgs/ha, this was significantly superior with respect to disease control and yield aspects.

Veerabhadraswamy al

Water contamination has become a global challenge which must be tackled. This study examined the contamination level of water in four locations at Ogbete area Enugu state. Carters street had the highest pH of 5.23 which is below the WHO standards limits for drinking water. The conductivities ranged from the highest conductivity 1445 μs/cm, which is below the WHO limits (8-10,000 μs/cm), TDS (1000 mg/l., TSS (WHO (500 mg/l). For alkalinity, the four locations were all below the (150 mg/l) standard set by World Health Organisation. Results showed that most of the physicochemical, biological and heavy metals parameters considered in this study were significantly above the permissible or allowed by WHO. It is therefore recommended that the water should be treated before use.

Okechukwu obed chukwuemeka

Inclusive education (IE) is a new approach towards educating the children with disability and learning difficulties with that of normal ones within the same classroom. It seeks to address the learning needs of all children with a specific focus on those who are vulnerable to marginalization and exclusion. It implies all learners – with or without disabilities being able to learn together through access to common schools and community educational setting with an appropriate network of support services. This is possible only in flexible education system that includes the needs of different types of learners and adapts itself to meet their needs. Inclusive Education addresses the diverse needs of all learners by reducing barriers inside schools. It is a process of strengthening the capacity of the education system to reach out to all learners. This educational approach provides all students greater opportunities for academic and social achievement. This includes opportunities to participate in the full range of social, recreational, arts, sports, music, day care and afterschool care, extra-curricular, faith based, and all other activities. Inclusive education argues that all children irrespective of the nature and degree of disability should be educated in general schools with non-disabled children. The schools and classrooms operate on the idea that, with right amount of support, students with disabilities can be as competent as students without disabilities.

Kamal singh

For thousands of years, lipid based Ayurvedic formulations have been made in India, and the craft has survived down the millennia up to the present time. Some of these deliciously potent phytonutrient preparations are very popular and have sustained the test of time pertaining to their efficacy. Recent researches on the role of phytonutrients in promoting cardio-pulmonary, brain and immune health substantially buttress the philosophy underlying the use of lipids in preparing these emulsions, since a large number of these bioactives are lipophilic. Being lipoidic, they are absorbed through the lacteals in the small intestine, and are then transported through the thoracic duct directly to the heart, bypassing the liver. The formulations utilizing ghee (clarified butter) or sesame oil as the carrier lipid, either while frying the myrobalams or as Anupana (adjuvant), have special significance in modulating bodily immunity, since the immune system is housed in lymphatics which are lipid rich. Amla and lipid based Ayurvedic rasayans (rejuvenating formulations) are a popular and highly palatable group of phytonutraceutical preparations. This group of polyherbal adaptogenic formulations is classified separately from other formulations in Ayurvedic therapeutics. Several of these healthpromoting rasayans are suitable to be consumed by all age-groups in the recommended season and dose. Current research on endothelial and immune cell receptor mediated uptake of lipoidic molecules, together with the knowledge of lipid absorption pathways, lends credence to the usefulness of rasayans in targeting the cardio-pulmonary and immune systems. An attempt has been made in this paper to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the complex interplay between lipid delivered hydrophobic phyto-molecules, systemic lymphatics and the Immune system.

Sharadendu bali

The development of smart phone technology has lead to denigrate of the phone prepared with many sophisticated features such as sensors. Camera is one of the most extensively used sensors. Although the photographs capture by camera can be shared via Multimedia Message Service (MMS) which allows broadcast of files like photographs, audio and video. A major problem of MMS is, it doesn’t provide adequate safety mechanism. Because of this, the data of the people who wants to conceal confidential information from state-controlled systems that can be easily monitored. Video Steganography is a technique to hide any type of files in any extension into a Video file. The idea proposed in this paper is to embed any kind of data in another file, which is called carrier file. The carrier file must be image video file. Steganography is the art of hiding messages inside other messages such that the very existence of the message is unknown to third party. In this paper, a steganography-based android mobile application that can insert the confidential information into an image, then into a video that can be send it to receiver. Finally we can extract the confidential information from the image in the receiver side.

Dr h shaheen