Hypoglycemia is a common complication of intensive diabetes mellitus therapy. This study was aimed to review the profile of admitted Libyan cases of non-pregnant adults and adolescents. A retrospective study for patients admitted to Tripoli Diabetes Hospital, Tripoli, Libya. Data were collected from medical files of diabetic patients with hypoglycemia from January 2017 to July 2018. Thus, during this period, a total of 29 cases with hypoglycemia were admitted to the hospital. Their age was ranged from 18 to 86 years in which 76.0% were female, 25.0% were non-smokers, 59.0% were married and 55.0% were non-employers. Patients with diabetes mellitus (86%) showed hypoglycemia attack per month of 3.90 ± 2.25. From the 25 cases with diabetes mellitus, 7.0% were newly diagnosed (> one year), 45.0% their duration of diabetes mellitus were more than 9 years and 35.0% were less than nine years. Their Hemoglobin A1C was on target (6.5–7.0%) in 21.0% of the cases, in which 17.0% were on below target range (< 6> 7.0%). 14.0% were on glibenclamide, 3.0% on glimepiride and 69.0% on insulin. Patients on insulin therapy twice daily in 28.0%, triple in 17.0% and basal bolus regime in 24.0%. Hypoglycemia unawareness was presented in 17.0%, hypoglycemia was major in 45.0% of the cases, and in 38.0% were in daytime. Insulin induced hypoglycemia were in 66.0%, and suicidal attempt were in 10.0%. Exercise induced hypoglycemia 10.0% and 3.0% of cases with malignancy induced hypoglycemia. Co-exist systemic illness was mainly absent in 69.0% but cardiovascular diseases in 14.0% and renal diseases in 7.0%. Majority of cases were discharged in good condition (86.0%) and 14.0% discharged against medical advice. Hypoglycemia mostly occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus treated with insulin and in most the cases were reversible and saved with good management. Thus, patient education is a fundamental issue in prevention and reducing complications of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Mediterranean journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences

Background and Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic affected medical care systems including stroke care, globally. In this study, we investigated the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on stroke care in Hadramout, in terms of rate of admission, access to care, risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcome. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study comparing all stroke patients admitted to Ibn-seena University Hospital (ISTH), Mukalla, Hadramout, during two periods, May 1–October 31, 2020, during the pandemic of COVID-19 (COVID-19 group), and from May 1 to October 31, 2019 (pre-COVID-19 group). Data collected from patients’ medical record files into a master sheet, and were processed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: There were 117 stroke patients admitted in COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, and 213 patients admitted in the same period in 2019. Stroke admission declined by 45.1% (Odds Ratio [OR]=0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] [95% CI]: 0.22–0.42, p<0.0001) with no age and sex differences. Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus were more frequent in COVID-19 group than the pre-COVID-19 group (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.08–2.80, p=0.02) and (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.14–2, 88, p=0.01), respectively. No significant difference in other risk factors was found. Patients in COVID-19 group arrived the hospital more late than the patients in pre-COVID-19 group (OR=2.63, 95% CI: 1.64–4.21, p<0.0001). Dysphasia and altered consciousness including coma were more common in COVID-19 group compared with pre-COVID-19 group (OR=4.5, 95% CI: 2.18–9.08, p<0.0001) and (OR=3.2, 95% CI: 2.00–5.12, p<0.0001), respectively. Hospital stay was greatly reduced among COVID-19 group as compared with pre-COVID-19 group (02.9±0.31 days vs. 8.6±0.92 days, p<0.0001) Mortality rate was higher among COVID-19 group than the pre-COVID-19 group (41.9% vs. 27.2%, p=007). Conclusion: The number of stroke patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic decreased, they arrived late and spent shorter hospital stays while having higher rates of HTN, diabetes, and impaired consciousness with a high mortality rate.

Karishma

Verbesina encelioides, a plant with a rich history in traditional medicine, is commonly known as golden crownbeard or cowpen daisy. Despite its widespread use, scientific validation of its therapeutic potential, particularly its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, remains limited. Our study is designed to comprehensively evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extracts from various parts (leaves, stems, flowers, and roots) of V. encelioides in animal models. Acute toxicity, antinociceptive effects (heat plate and tail flick tests), and anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan-induced inflammation) were tested in Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats. The acute toxicity assay showed no adverse effects in mice up to 1000 mg/kg, a highly encouraging result. In analgesic studies, V. encelioides extracts showed dose-dependent increases in reaction times similar to aspirin. Different extracts had different effects on paw edema in anti-inflammatory testing; some at first increased inflammation but eventually showed significant decreases, especially at higher dosages. These results offer a positive perspective on V. encelioides' possible medicinal use. These results provide a positive perspective on Verbesina encelioides' possible therapeutic use. The results imply that extracts from the plant, which are abundant in bioactive substances such as flavonoids, phenolics, and alkaloids, may have applications in treating pain and inflammation. These results highlight the plant's medicinal potential and suggest that more research and development could help address pain and inflammation naturally.

Dr. salman ahmed

The subjective experience of consciousness, a cornerstone of human existence, is profoundly disrupted in disorders of consciousness (DOC) arising from severe brain injuries, spanning-states from coma to the minimally conscious state. A significant challenge in clinical practice is the phenomenon of covert consciousness, in which individuals may retain awareness despite the absence of overt behavioral responsiveness. Diagnosis based solely on observable behavior is inherently limited by factors such as co-occurring motor impairments, the fluctuating nature of consciousness, and subjective interpretation, potentially leading to misclassification. To overcome these limitations, neuroscientific methodologies have advanced significantly. To address these limitations, neuroscientific methods have advanced considerably. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) provide objective evidence of preserved brain activity and cognitive processing, enabling detection of willful modulation and offering prognostic insight. Electrophysiological techniques—including electroencephalography (EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs), transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with EEG (TMS-EEG), and advanced downstate analysis—further reveal dynamic neural patterns indicative of residual awareness. The detection of covert consciousness has profound ethical, clinical, and societal implications. It necessitates a re-examination of patient rights, end-of-life decision-making, the use of brain-computer interfaces, and societal conceptions of personhood. This evolving understanding mandates a shift towards integrating objective neuroscientific assessments with compassionate, person-centered care, aiming to preserve dignity and navigate the complex ethical landscape of severe brain injury.

Mostafa eissa

This study aims to see and determine the effect of transformational leadership and competence of PT Waruna Shipyard Indonesia on employee performance through job satisfaction as intervening variable. This research was conducted at PT. Waruna Shipyard Indonesia, located on Bagan Deli Street, Medan Belawan District, North Sumatra. This research was conducted of the month of August 2019-January 2020. The data analysis tool by structural equation modeling (SEM) with smartpls program. The population is employees at PT. Waruna Shipyard Indonesia in 2019, namely as many as 134 employees. This study used slovin formula for the sampling, calculations sample were respondents is 100 permanent employees of PT. Waruna Shipyard Indonesia. Thus taken 30 respondents outside of the sample to validity and reliability test instrument for testing questionnaires. Based on structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, transformational leadership and competence have positive and significant effect on employee performance with job satisfaction as intervening variable at PT. Waruna Shipyard Indonesia. The contribution of transformational leadership, competence, and job satisfaction explains the employee performance variable of 0.724 or 72.40%. The remaining 0.276 or 27.60% is effect by other independent variables not examined in this study.

L

NIRS is an advanced, fast, reliable, and non-destructive technique that is extensively used in the chemical, food, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries for rapid and reliable standardization. NIRS of Cicer arietinum L. Desi and Kabuli variety seed flours were performed to evaluate secondary metabolites qualitatively. The principal suggested compounds in Cicer arietinum Desi and Kabuli variety were found as adenine, biochanin-A, biochanin-B, biochanin A 7-O- β -D-glucoside, calycosin, cerebroside, choline, ciceritol, citric acid, daidzein, fructose, garbanzol, genistein, glucose, inositol, isoliquiritigen, liquiritigenin, methyl tetracosanoate, ononin, pyrimidine, saccharose, sissotrin, stigmasterol, trifolirhizin. β- amyrin and β-sitosterol. These compounds' presence justifies using Cicer arietinum as a nutritional food and tonic.

Dr. salman ahmed

Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and yellow mosaic virus disease incidence in mungbean, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek is a most serious problem in northern states of India. Bioefficacy of some insecticides and biorational were tested during kharif 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012 at Pulses Research Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The results revealed that 30 days after sowing minimum whitefly population was recorded in plots, when seeds were treated with dimethoate 5 ml/kg seeds. At three days after spray application lowest whitefly population (1.6 and 6.4 adults/ cage/ plant) was noted in NSKE 5 per cent sprayed plots. At seven days after spray, NSKE 5 per cent and triazophos 0.04% was the most effective in keeping the whitefly incidence and yellow mosaic virus infection low. Triazophos and NSKE did not help in managing the whitefly population at low level up to 10 days after spray application. Spraying of triazophos 0.04% resulted in higher grain yield as well as net profit. Lower dosage of triazophos 40EC at 0.02% enhanced the whitefly population in 2011 to 2012. However, the maximum incremental cost benefit ratio (1:13.41) was obtained in dimethoate 5 ml/kg seed treated plots followed by seed treatment with dimethoate plus spraying of triazophos 0.04% (1:11.93).

Dr. babu lal jat

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of initial chick weight at the first day of the hatch on subsequent performance of Iraqi local chickens. 150 unsexed chicks of local chickens weighted at first day of hatch then divided to five groups (A, B, C, D, E) according to the initial weight (26.4, 31.89, 36.38, 41.09, 46.91) gm, the birds were reared in a wooden cage consist of individual compartments with dimensions (30×30×40) cm, The feed and water was available adlibitum, The birds and feed weighted weekly by sensitive balance. The result shows that initial weight had a significant effect on body weight, weight gain, feed and protein consumption, and growth rate but not significant on feed and protein conversion, where group E showed the best results, The relationship between initial body weight and productive traits were studied and the prediction equation of productive traits depending on initial weight shows highly significant

Rafea mohammedtaher khulel

This abstract provides an overview of the critical role of academic leadership and governance in higher education institutions. As the landscape of higher education undergoes profound transformations, academic leaders and governance structures play a pivotal role in shaping the direction, quality, and effectiveness of educational institutions. This abstract highlights key themes, challenges, and considerations related to academic leadership and governance, emphasizing the need for adaptability, transparency, and inclusivity in the decision-making processes. The abstract begins by acknowledging the evolving nature of higher education and the increasing complexity of issues facing institutions, including technological advancements, changing student demographics, and shifting funding models. It underscores the central importance of academic leadership and governance in addressing these challenges and promoting institutional excellence.

Dr gedam kamalakar

Dietary fatty acid composition in broiler influences carcass quality by altering fat deposition and fatty acid profile. Thus, the study was carried out to evaluate the effect of incorporation of rapeseed oil in broiler ration on omega-3 fatty acid concentration of carcass and its traits in broiler chicken. A total of 160 day-old straight run broilers (Vencobb 400) were randomly divided into four treatment groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) having four replicates of ten chicks each. The basal diets (G1) were prepared to meet BIS (2007) nutrient requirements with palm oil at 1.5, 3, and 4.5 per cent in pre-starter, starter and finisher diets, respectively. The experimental diets were broiler rations prepared with rapeseed oil replacing 25, 50 and 100 per cent of palm oil in G2, G3 and G4 diets, respectively. The diets were fed ad libitum till 6 weeks of age. Six birds from each group were randomly selected and slaughtered on 42nd day to study omega-3 fatty acid concentration of carcass and its characteristics. The crude fat content of breast and thigh muscle was significantly (P<0.05) reduced in the group fed rapeseed oil included diets. However, carcass yield, processing yield and meat to bone ratio of cut up parts was not significantly affected. The colour and pH of breast and thigh muscles were similar among the treatment groups. Omega- 3 fatty acid concentration was significantly (P<0.01) increased in both breast and thigh muscle of G4 group broilers compared to G1 group. Thus, rapeseed oil inclusion in diet significantly increased omega-3 fatty acid concentration and significantly reduced crude fat concentration breast and thigh muscles with no effect on the carcass yield and its quality when included in the diet replacing palm oil at different proportion

Senthil murugan

Communication is not always direct; it often involves nuanced elements like humor, irony, and sarcasm. This study introduces a novel two-level approach for sarcasm detection, leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are crucial for many deep learning applications, yet their deployment on IoT devices is challenged by resource constraints and the need for low latency, particularly in on-device training. Traditional methods of deploying large CNN models on these devices often lead to suboptimal performance and increased energy consumption. To address this, our paper proposes an energy-efficient CNN design by optimising batch normalisation operations. Batch normalisation is vital for deep learning, aiding in faster convergence and stabilising gradient flow, but there has been limited research on creating energy-efficient and lightweight CNNs with optimised batch normalisation. This study proposes a 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) optimisation technique for batch normalization. This technique introduces an energy-efficient CNN architecture. We investigate the use of batch normalization optimization to streamline memory usage and computational complexity, aiming to uphold or improve model performance on CPU-based systems. Additionally, we evaluate its effectiveness across diverse datasets, focusing on energy efficiency and adaptability in different settings. Furthermore, we analyze how batch normalization influences the performance and effectiveness of activation functions and pooling layers in neural network designs. Our results highlight batch normalization's ability to enhance computational efficiency, particularly on devices with limited resources.

Jiby mariya jose

Emesis, also known as nausea and vomiting, are common symptoms associated with ingestion of toxicants, drug side effects, advanced terminal diseases such as cancer and postoperative procedures. Emesis is mediated through the coordinated action of central and peripheral regulatory centres that involve receptors including dopamine Type 2, serotonin, muscarinic cholinergic, histamine, cannabinoids and NK-1 receptors. Many anti-emetic drugs targeting these receptors are currently in use, but they also cause undesirable side effects such as excessive sedation, hypotension, dry mouth, dysphoria, hallucinations and extrapyramidal signs. This review highlights the pharmacological mechanism of emesis, current antiemetic drugs, and a detailed analysis of in vitro and in vivo anti-emetic bioassay models. The pharmacology of crude natural products extracts and purified anti-emetic compounds (cannabinoids, chalcones, diarylheptanoids, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, lignans, phenylpropanoids, polysaccharides, saponins, terpenes and glycosidic derivatives) are also systematically presented with their mechanism of action. The potential of natural products as sources of new clinically proven anti-emetic drugs is discussed.

Dr. salman ahmed

Online distance learning policies were formulated and implemented among some Malaysian universities long ago, but their value emerged since COVID- 19. Emanating from the diffusion of innovation theory, this study examined the perception of higher education students on the influence and relationship between six independent variables (compatibility, observability, relative advantage, complexity, trialability, and digital skills) and one dependent variable (digital literacy). A total of 524 respondents were sampled, comprising students from six public and private Malaysian universities. The findings from the correlation analysis show a significant positive relationship between the six independent variables and the dependent variable. Meanwhile, in the regression analysis, three of the independent variables (observability, trialability, and digital skill) have a significant and positive effect on digital literacy. This study placed the diffusion of innovation in a specific context that supports designing online distance learning and digital literacy policies

Mohammed fadel arandas

COVID-19 is associate communicable disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It's currently a virulent disease unfold moving several countries globally. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of COVID-19 among general public at the selected setting, Chennai. The main objective was to assess the knowledge and practice on COVID-19, correlate the knowledge with practice on COVID-19, and associate the knowledge and practice on COVID-19 with the demographic variables among the public. A Quantitative non-experimental analysis style was used to assess the knowledge and practice of COVID-19. Sixty individuals were chosen through the non-probability convenience sampling technique. The findings of the analysis disclosed that the majority (40%) of the samples had a high level of knowledge and 43.3% of them had a good practice, 33.3% of them had a moderate level of knowledge and 30% of them had moderate practice, whereas 26.7% of them had a low level of knowledge and 26.7% of them had poor practice on COVID 19. Keywords:- COVID-19, Knowledge, Practice, Pandemic, General Public.

Elsi queen

The Cellular Manufacturing is adopted in batch type manufacturing industries nowadays for their production with increased productivity, less cost and time with effective control. The proposed optimization model is used to determine the cost of machine cells, i.e., machine duplication, part subcontract, inter intra cellular movements cost and cost of production associated with machine cell, such as machine reconfiguration and part inventory considering machine flexibility for various time periods. Initially, mathematical model is proposed to calculate machine cell cost with and without considering machine flexibility and then another lpp integer model is proposed to calculate the machine cell production and associated cost for the changes in time period, part type and volume considering machine flexibility. The manufacturing data in the incidence matrix and machine cell, part family data in the block diagonal form are given as input to the optimization programming language Cplex and the output are given for the two mathematical models. The data related to machine duplication, part subcontract, inter intra cellular movement; machine reconfiguration and part inventory are given. Two dimensional shop floor layouts are presented in rectilinear coordinates for all the problems for easy analysis of material movement length and shop floor area

S ramesh

This research was conducted at SD Darus Sholah, Jember which aims to answer the main problems related to the implementation of the Student Team Achievement Divisions learning strategy in integrated thematic learning. The problem studied in this research is the Implementation of the Student Team Achievement Divisions Strategy in integrated thematic learning at SD Darus Sholah, Jember. This research approach uses a qualitative approach with the type of phenomenological research. Methods of data collection using interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis used the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, with the process of data collection, condensation, data display, and data verification. To test the validity of the data using triangulation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) At the presentation stage, the teacher starts with story material, reviews previous material, and learning activities in teams. 2) The teacher prepares a worksheet as a guide for group work and each member can contribute, the teacher makes observations, provides guidance, motivation, and assistance if needed. 3) Individual tests in groups. 4) Score development for individuals, the teacher combines the previous score with the final score. 5) Appreciation for the team is based on the assessment of individuals in the group so that the process of group assessment recapitulation is based on individual assessment of each group. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Darus Sholah Jember yang bertujuan untuk menjawab pokok permasalahan berkaitan dengan penerapan strategi belajar Student Team Achievement Divisions dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini, Implementasi Strategi Student Team Achievement Divisions dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu di SD Darus Sholah Jember. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian fenomenologis. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman, dengan proses data collection, condensation, data display, and data verifiying. Untuk menguji keabsahan data menggunakan trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pada tahap presentasi, guru memulai dengan materi cerita, mereview ulang materi sebelumnya, dan kegiatan belajar dalam tim. 2) Guru menyiapkan lembaran kerja sebagai pedoman kerja kelompok dan setiap anggota dapat berkontribusi, guru melakukan pengamatan, memberikan bimbingan, motivasi, dan bantuan jika diperlukan. 3) Tes individu dalam kelompok. 4) Skor pengembangan bagi individu, guru menggabungkan skor nilai sebelumnya dengan skor akhir. 5) Penghargaan bagi tim mendasarkan kepada penilaian terhadap individu dalam kelompok sehingga proses rekapitulasi penilaian kelompok, didasarkan kepada penilain individu masing-masing kelompok.

Educare: journal of primary education

ABSTRACT Background: One of the many functions of the liver is the synthesis of carrier proteins and hormone metabolism, and liver diseases have been linked to a variety of endocrine disorders. Aim:The study's goal was to look at the spectrum of chronic liver disease and the relationship between thyroid profile and severity of liver damage in a tertiary hospital. Methods and materials: The current study was a single-center, tertiary care hospital-based,case-control study that included 50 cases of liver cirrhosis/chronic liver disease and 50 age/sex matched healthy controls (chosen at random from relatives attending OPD with patients). Thyroid function tests were performed and results were compared between cases and controls.Result : This study included 50 cases of liver cirrhosis/chronic liver disease and 50 healthy controls.The mean age and gender of cases and controls were comparable, and the difference was not statistically significant. The majority of cases (76%) had alcoholic liver cirrhosis, with the remainder having non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis (16%) and chronic viral hepatitis (8%). As per Child-Pugh Score, the majority of cases (40%), followed by Child-Pugh C (32%) and Child-Pugh A (28%). In the current study, free T3, free T4, and TSH levels were compared between cases and controls, and abnormal values were found in cases, indicating a statistically significant difference. Serum thyroid profile abnormalities were observed as Child-Pugh Score Classes advanced, and the difference was statistically significant for free T3 and free T4. Conclusion: As compared to healthy subjects, patients with liver cirrhosis had abnormally high levels of circulating thyroid hormone, and severe abnormalitieswere linked to an advanced Child Pugh score. Derangement in thyroid profile is common in patients with cirrhosis of liver. Low free T3 and T4 levels are associated with more severe liver injury and may be used for prognostication in patients with cirrhosis of liver. Keywords: chronic liver disease; NAFLD, cirrhosis, Liver function tests; Free T3 and T4; TSH;

Tapas tripathi

To describe the methodology used to investigate the impact of blindness control activities in the southern Indian State of Andhra Pradesh. The blindness control activities in Andhra Pradesh have been implemented since 1976 through the National Program for Control of Blindness (NPCB) by the Government of India through District Blindness Control Societies (DBCS). Besides Government eye care facilities, many local, national, international Non Governme*ntal Organizations (NGOs) and private sector eye care facilities are active in controlling blindness in the state. In the year 2002 Andhra Pradesh Right to Sight Society (APRTSS) was established as part of a global initiative of VISION 2020 The Right to Sight to coordinate the efforts of various stakeholders in eye care. The present study investigated the impact of blindness control activities in the state of AP in general and with special reference to the activities of APRTSS The study was based on the six building blocks of the health care system for all the stakeholders in eye care. The baseline data for the year 2002-03 were collected from sources such as State Blindness Control Society, District Blindness Control Societies and major stakeholders in eye care in the state and also by questionnaire to managers of eye care facilities and eye care professionals. The current data are being collected for the year 2012-2013. Interviews based on Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat (SWOT) analysis were conducted with policy makers in the Government, Managers of the eye care facilities and NGOs. The outcomes of the study will provide information regarding the trends in blinding eye diseases, human resources and infrastructure facilities in the last decade and information on the deficiencies in eye care service delivery that may provide the basis to formulate strategies for implementation of the VISION 2020 program in the state for coming years.

Srinivasa reddy pallerla

The presented mathematical model is used to form machine cells, optimize costs of exceptional elements and design the shop floor layout for various demands of components. The complete similarity measure algorithm forms machine cells and part families in a refined form. Later, exceptional elements are eliminated in linear programming optimization model by using machine duplication and part subcontract. Then the shop floor layout is designed to have optimized material movements between cells and within a cell. The performance evaluation of cell formation algorithm is done on case studies of various batch sizes to give the process capability compared with other similar methods. The result from a linear programming optimization model is cost savings, machines duplicated, parts subcontracted, inter intra cellular movements. Finally, the output of inbound facility design is the floor layout which has machine cell clusters with optimized floor area.

S ramesh

Avian leukosis virus is recognized as an important viral pathogen in the poultry industry, resulting in salient severe economic losses due to reduced production, uneven flock growth rates, reduced growth, and immunosuppression which predispose affected birds to other infections. This study examined the seroprevalence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) in local chickens (LC) in 5 different live bird markets (LBMs) in Kaduna Metropolis. A total of 276 sera were tested for ALV p27 antigen using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An overall seroprevalence of 28.3% (78/276) was recorded in the study. At the market level, the seroprevalence of 35% (21/60), 30% (18/60), 32% (16/50), 28.6% (16/56), and 14% (7/50) were recorded for Sabon Tasha, Central market, Railway station, Kawo and Sokoto Road LBMs respectively. With regards to sex, female LC showed a significantly higher prevalence of 30.5% (46/105) compared to male chickens 26.9% (46/171) with no significant difference (P > 0.05) observed. This study established the presence of antigen to ALV in local chickens sold in LBMs. We recommend surveillance and further studies on the isolation, molecular characterization and pathogenicity of ALV in the study area.

Bitrus inuwa